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Present Perfect forms and more!

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The Present Perfect is formed by the 
present form of haber + past participle

For regular verbs the past participle is formed by
dropping the -ar, -ir, or -er and adding ado, ido, 
or ido respectively 

For example 

He hablado.
I have spoken

Has comido.
You have eaten.

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The Present Perfect is used for 2 reasons

1. Actions that happened in the past but are 
indefinite as to when they occurred.

For example

¿Has visitado al Doctor por este problema?
Have you visited the doctor for this problem?

2. Actions that began in the past and continue in the
present.

He vivido en los Estados Unidos por viente años.
I have lived in the United States for 20 years.

Ella he tomado la medicina desde lunes.
She has taken the medicine since Monday.

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Past Perfect

The past perfect is formed by using the 
imperfect form of haber + the past participle

I had gone ........ yo había ido
you had gone ...... tú habías ido
she had gone ...... ella había ido
we had gone ....... nosotros habíamos ido
you had gone ...... vosotros habíais ido
they had gone ..... ellos habían ido


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Future Perfect

The future perfect is formed by using the
future form of haber + the past participle

I will have gone ....... yo habré ido
you will have gone ..... tú habrás ido
she will have gone ..... ella habrá ido
we will have gone ...... nosotros habremos ido
you will have gone ..... vosotros habréis ido
they will have gone .... ellos habrán ido

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Conditional Perfect

The contidional perfect is formed by using the
conditional form of haber + the past participle

I would have gone ...... yo habría ido
you would have gone .... tú habrías ido
she would have gone .... ella habría ido
we would have gone ..... nosotros habríamos ido
you would have gone .... vosotros habríais ido
they would have gone ... ellos habrían ido


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Present Perfect Continual

Use this slightly more complicated form to describe
continual events that started in the past.  It is
equivalent to the english form of "have been ...ing"

It is formed by...

haber in the present + estado + gerund of verb

For example

Yo he estado hablando.
I have been talking.

He has been eating.
Él ha estado comiendo.


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Irregular Past Participles

The following past participles are irregular.
Remember in addition to being used in a form with
haber, past participles can be used without other 
verbs in sentences too!

open ......... abierto
covered ...... cubierto
said ......... dicho
written ...... escrito
fried ........ frito
done ......... hecho
dead ......... muerto
put .......... puesto
resolved ..... resuelto
broken ....... roto
seen ......... visto
returned ..... vuelto